"Title","Author","Summary","Body","Date posted","Country","Ongoing","Start Date","End Date","","Staff Type","","","","","","","","","Facilitation?"
"Belo Horizonte Participatory Budgeting","DJ Air Wing","Participatory Budgeting (PB) is a process implemented in the 1990s where residents of certain regions can influence how their governments' annual budgets are allocated.

After the collapse of its authoritarian regime in the mid 1980s, Brazilians implemented reforms to bolster their economic and political futures through participatory methods. These new democratic practices drastically improved the lives and social infrastructure of its participants.","Summary Participatory Budgeting (PB) is a process implemented in the 1990s where residents of certain regions can influence how their governments' annual budgets are allocated. After the collapse of its authoritarian regime in the mid 1980s, Brazilians...","Sun, 12/09/2012 - 18:11","Brazil","Yes","","","Budgeting, Economic Development, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","National Government, Regional Government (e.g. State, Provincial, Territorial), Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City), Community Based Organization, Non-Governmental Organization (Non-profit)","Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities), Make public decisions (i.e. exert direct authority), Collaborative delivery of services with public authorities, Community building (e.g. social capital)","Open to all","Participatory Budgeting","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City), Academic Institution","Yes"
"BürgerForum 2011","fww5007","Initiated by German President Christian Wulff, the BürgerForum (CitizensForum) 2011 was designed to get German citizens from all over the country involved in identifying the most important challenges currently facing German society. The forum is a multi-layered process using multiple forms of discussion and deliberation on different levels of government involving varios stakeholders. The outcome is the ""bundesweite Bürgerprogramm"" or the Federal Citizens-Programm which details the six most important challenges and possible solutions in six different categories facing German society.","Problems and PurposeUnder the slogan “Future Needs Solidarity. Diversity Creates Chances.”, the BürgerForum 2011 did not address any specific problem or problems; it rather allowed participating citizens to identify problems as well as solutions they...","Thu, 12/13/2012 - 14:22","Germany","No","","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","National Government, Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers), Raise public awareness, Develop individual capacities (e.g. skills, learning)","Open to all, Random Selection","Citizen Conferences","National","Non-Governmental Organization (Non-profit), Philanthropic Organization (i.e. dedicated to making monetary grants or gifts)","National Government","Yes"
"California Proposition 31 (2012)","mcroce3","Proposition 31 was a ballot measure created by California Forward and voted on by the people of California during the General Election held on November 6, 2012. Proposition 31 called for changes to the state budget, and for any legislation to be published three days before it was voted on, among other things. Proposition 31 was defeated by a vote of over 60% to under 40%, but was a good step in the right direction regarding budget reform in California.","DefinitionAccording to California Secretary of State’s website and voters’ guide, Proposition 31: “Establishes [a] two-year state budget; [s]ets rules for offsetting new expenditures; and Governor budget cuts in fiscal emergencies. Local governments can...","Wed, 11/07/2012 - 18:12","United States","No","","","Budgeting, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","Community Based Organization, Non-Governmental Organization (Non-profit)","Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities), Make public decisions (i.e. exert direct authority), Collaborative delivery of services with public authorities, Raise public awareness, Community building (e.g. social capital)","Open to all, Appointment","Initiative Process","Regional (e.g. State, Province, Autonomous Region)","","Regional Government (e.g. State, Provincial, Territorial)","No"
"Citizens' Hall Mongolia","Andy h","","SummaryIn December 2009 the President of Mongolia, Elbegdorj Tsakhia formally opened the Citizens’ Hall (Office of the President of Mongolia, 2010a). This public hearing forum is located in the capital, Ulaanbaatar, and is designed to encourage civil...","Thu, 06/09/2011 - 10:08","Mongolia","Yes","Monday, November 30, 2009 - 16:00","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","Legislators and drafters","","National Government","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers)","Open to all","Public Hearing","Regional (e.g. State, Province, Autonomous Region)","National Government","National Government","No"
"Citizens' Manifesto for European Democracy","European Alternatives","The Citizens Manifesto is the result of three years of citizens' deliberations gathering a shared set of demands for change in EU decision-making formulated by citizens, civil society organisations and local authorities from all over Europe, on topics ranging from employment and welfare, to civil rights and economic and political reforms.","Problems and PurposeThe financial and economic crisis, of which we have heard so much discussion since 2007-8, is only one aspect of a whole series of underlying political trends which have been apparent for much longer: a crisis of (in)equality and of...","Fri, 03/15/2013 - 08:42","","Yes","","","Human Rights, Gender & Racial Equality, Identity & Diversity, Immigration, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","International Organization","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers), Raise public awareness, Develop individual capacities (e.g. skills, learning), Protest","Open to all","The World Cafe","International","Non-Governmental Organization (Non-profit)","","Yes"
"Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Presupuesto participativo","sebas","Durante el 2002, el Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires puso en marcha el Presupuesto Participativo (PP), un proceso de democracia participativa, voluntaria y universal que sirve para el debate, elaboración, control y seguimiento del Presupuesto Anual, del Programa General de Gobierno y del Plan de Inversiones.
","Problems and PurposeDurante el 2002, el Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires puso en marcha el Presupuesto Participativo (PP), un proceso de democracia participativa, voluntaria y universal que sirve para el debate, elaboración, control y...","Wed, 01/18/2012 - 15:47","Argentina","No","","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Other","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers), Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities), Make public decisions (i.e. exert direct authority)","Open to all","Participatory Budgeting","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","No"
"Conseils de quartier (France)","qmayne","","Note:  This article is in need of assistance with editing and content.  Please help us complete it.SummaryThis case study features Conseils de quarter, or ""neighborhood councils,"" which are infra-municipal participatory forums that serve as consultative...","Wed, 08/25/2010 - 16:50","France","No","","","Community Development, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","","National Government","","Open to all","Collaborative Governance","National","","Regional Government (e.g. State, Provincial, Territorial)","No"
"Democratic Innovations in Germany","Geissel",""," Problems and PurposeIn respect to the question of why participatory innovations are gaining support and what stimulates their development, democratic innovations are usually seen as a response to the general dissatisfaction with representative...","Fri, 05/14/2010 - 08:40","Germany","Yes","","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","","","","","Open to all","Direct Democracy, Consensus Conference","National","","National Government","No"
"European Citizens' Initiative","Gsmith","The European Citizens' Initiative (ECI) will become active from April 2012 at which point a citizens committee (compromising at least 7 members from different Member States) will be able to launch an initiative. If the committee is able to collect 1 million signatures with minimum numbers from across at least 7 member states in support of its proposition, then they will be able to meet formally with the European Commission, hold a formal hearing in the European Parliament and expect a formal response from the Commission. ","SummaryThis case study features a new initiative that aims to promote a whole new form of participatory democracy across the European Union (EU). Citizen initiatives that garner 1 million signatures across a wide range of Member States will be considered...","Wed, 11/30/2011 - 09:16","Belgium","Yes","","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Other","","Express opinions/preferences only","","Raise public awareness, Other","Open to all","Petition, Initiative Process","International","International Organization","International Organization","No"
"Icelandic Constitutional Council 2011","AlexEIPP","","The Constitutional Council was a body of 25 appointed Icelandic citizens, which was charged with creating a constitutional draft between 6 April and 29 July 2011. Initially the constitution was meant to be revised by a nationally elected assembly, but...","Wed, 08/31/2011 - 15:20","Iceland","Yes","","","Education & Schools, Budgeting, Economic Development, Environment, Health, Immigration, National & International Security, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","members of the public","Express opinions/preferences only","National Government","Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities)","Open to all, Election","Crowdsourcing","National","National Government, Other","National Government","No"
"Law-making 2.0 by Wikivote (Russia)","yarmakhov","In April 2010 Wikivote was approached by the Russian Ministry of Education with a request to develop a crowdsourcing platform for evaluating and editing the draft for the new Law on Education. This task was fulfilled according to the approach discussed above. For testing the model we used the chapter ""General education"". Our goal was to invite Russian experts, teachers and parents to an in-depth analysis of the Law, evaluating and discussing its overall concept and items, soliciting ideas for improving statements of the law and making new suggestions.

The Law on Education is a major discussion  issue in the Russian political life. The quality of education in Russia is one of the major concerns as the vast majority of Russian families have K-12 students. Most discussed issues, such as mandatory graduation testing, religious education and deteriorating quality of public school education are highly debated. We assumed that the community for discussing the subject is very broad and set no limitations on age, affiliation or status of participants. Our approach to lawmaking is quite different from the existing practice, in which access to creating and making amendments to laws is granted only to a very limited group of ""experts"", whose expertise is mainly based only to their proximity to the governing bodies. This corresponds with previous research which showed that maximum results are received in crowdsourcing campaigns where certain level of the participants' knowledge of the field is combined with their diversity.

The text of the draft Law was decomposed into 11 articles and 71 items. Each item became a subject to discussion and improvement.  Each item of the Law was posted on the site as a separate page. Upon registration users could make a vote in favor or against the draft, comment on it or suggest their own versions, which was done as a result of saving a previously edited version of an item under the user's name. User created item versions were also commented and evaluated.

Then, potential participants were invited, for which purpose we used expert mailing lists and social networks. We did not try to solicit a vast number of potential contributors; a right balance between the number, expertise and diversity of the ""crowd"" was essential. During the testing period in May - August 2010 512 users joined the community and participated in discussing and evaluating the Law. This number proved to be quite adequate for the targeted goals, as larger number of participants could negatively affect the service performance.","Note:  This article is in need of assistance with editing and content.  Please help us complete it.Summary In 2010, the Russian Ministry of Education asked Wikivote to develop a crowdsource platform for evaluating and editing the draft of the new Law on...","Mon, 12/26/2011 - 16:26","Russia","No","","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","","National Government","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers)","Open to all","Wikivote ","National","National Government","Non-Governmental Organization (Non-profit)","No"
"Leefbaarheidsbudget Participatory Budgeting (Utrecht, Netherlands)","HABORN","","Problems and Purpose ‘Leefbaarheidsbudget’ is the name of a participatory process, launched by the municipality of Utrecht in 1987. Literally translated, it would mean ‘budget of livability’, being ‘livability’ defined by the municipality of Utrecht, as...","Fri, 01/20/2012 - 11:13","Netherlands","Yes","","","Budgeting, Community Development, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","","Express opinions/preferences only","Regional Government (e.g. State, Provincial, Territorial), Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers), Collaborative delivery of services with public authorities, Raise public awareness, Community building (e.g. social capital)","Open to all","Participatory Budgeting","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","Regional Government (e.g. State, Provincial, Territorial)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","No"
"Living Voters Guide","KatieKnobloch","The Living Voters Guide is a Website that allows Washington state voters to deliberate about local and state-wide ballot measures. The project is a joint effort of the Center for Civic Engagement and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington as well as the City Club of Seattle. Visitors to the Living Voters Guide can search for information about current ballot measures and contribute to a conversation about the pros and cons of those measures. The Living Voters Guide is the first project to utilize the ConsiderIt platform, an open-source, web-based platform that fosters online deliberation.","Definition and Use:The Living Voters Guide for Washington State is a web-based platform designed to stimulate a deliberative process concerning local issues affecting Washington State citizens. A team of researchers from the University of Washington...","Fri, 12/02/2011 - 14:12","United States","No","","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","Academic Institution, Philanthropic Organization (i.e. dedicated to making monetary grants or gifts)","Other","Open to all","ConsiderIt","Regional (e.g. State, Province, Autonomous Region)","Academic Institution","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","No"
"National Public Policy Conferences (Brazil)","Thamypog",""," PurposeThe national public policy conferences (conferências nacionais de políticas públicas), are arguably the largest and most innovative participatory experience currently being held in Brazil. The national conferences consist of spheres of...","Wed, 09/29/2010 - 15:35","Brazil","Yes","","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","","National Government","Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities)","Open to all","","National","National Government","National Government","No"
"Obama's Open Government Directive","Jessolivas33","","Problems and PurposeThe Open Government Directive is an effort by the Obama Administration to create an unprecedented level of openness in government. One of President Obama’s main goals since his first day in office has been to increase transparency,...","Thu, 06/03/2010 - 03:12","United States","Yes","","","Education & Schools, Budgeting, Economic Development, Environment, Health, Immigration, National & International Security, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","All governmental agencies","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","National Government","Raise public awareness","Open to all","Citizen Dialogue","International","National Government","National Government","Yes"
"October 15 movement","shens2","October 15, aka the 15o, is a global demonstration movement intertwined with the Spanish May 15 movement and Occupy movement.","Written by Hoonmee Chung and Samuel Shen DefinitionThe October 15 protests were a series of protests inspired mainly by the Arab Spring, the Spanish/Portuguese “Indignants” aka the May 15 movement, the Greek Protests and the Occupy movement. All these...","Tue, 02/28/2012 - 15:58","United States","No","","","Economic Development, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation, Express opinions/preferences only","","Raise public awareness, Develop individual capacities (e.g. skills, learning), Protest","Open to all","Community Organizing","International","Individual","Individual","No"
"Open Government Directive, Obama Administration","Riley431","","Problems and purposeThe Open Government Directive is an effort by the Obama Administration to create an unprecedented level of openness in government. One of President Obama’s main goals since his first day in office has been to increase transparency,...","Tue, 12/07/2010 - 12:31","United States","Yes","Monday, December 7, 2009 - 16:00","","Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","All governmental agencies","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation","National Government","Raise public awareness","Open to all","Citizen Dialogue","National","National Government","National Government","Yes"
"Participatory Budgeting (Tower Hamlets, London, UK)","Gareth.young","","This case study was written in early 2010, and thus focuses on events in 2009, although the project took place over 2009 and 2010. History, Problems and PurposeIn Tower Hamlets, a Participatory Budgeting project known as “You Decide!” was carried out...","Tue, 03/09/2010 - 11:48","United Kingdom","No","Wednesday, December 31, 2008 - 16:00","","Budgeting, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","Local Authority staff","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation, Listen/watch as spectator","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Make public decisions (i.e. exert direct authority)","Open to all","Participatory Budgeting","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City), For Profit Business, Other","Yes"
"Participatory Decentralization in Montevideo","wenger1989","Participatory decentralization is the process of handing out legitimate political authority to the citizens. It contributes to democratization by bringing the government ‘closer to the people’, imparting the citizens with political knowledge through their participation in local management, and making the government more accountable. [1] 

Frente Amplio-Encuentro Progresista (FA-EP), the ruling political party in Montevideo, Uruguay, implemented this program in 1990 after winning the 1989 election. The program entails the transference and distribution of social, political and economic power, allowing citizens to make decisions on matters of interest to the community. The idea is to “transform the state-society relationship, creating a new public space where issues crucial to the quality of the lives of the great majorities, are discussed”. [4] Participatory decentralization remains a key element of Montevideo’s political system today.
","OverviewParticipatory decentralization is the process of handing out legitimate political authority to the citizens. It contributes to democratization by bringing the government ‘closer to the people’, imparting the citizens with political knowledge...","Thu, 03/01/2012 - 10:44","Uruguay","No","","","Budgeting, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation, Listen/watch as spectator","National Government","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers), Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities), Collaborative delivery of services with public authorities","Open to all, Election","Deliberative Democracy, Representative Democracy","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","National Government, Regional Government (e.g. State, Provincial, Territorial), Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","National Government, Community Based Organization","No"
"Representative Town Meeting (Amherst, Massachusetts, USA)","Townsend","Town meeting as a form of local legislature can take several forms.  The ""representative"" form is described in this entry.  It remains similar to the ""open"" form.  Both forms of town meeting are extremely powerful, with citizens retaining local control (within state guidelines) over the fate of their tax dollars, zoning regulations, and laws."," Problems and PurposeA representative town meeting is a local elected legislature that meets regularly to make public governance decisions, including money appropriation, law creation, and land use zoning. Such meetings are widespread across New England...","Wed, 12/21/2011 - 17:08","United States","No","","","Budgeting, Community Development, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation, Express opinions/preferences only","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers), Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities), Community building (e.g. social capital)","Open to all","Representative Town Meeting","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Regional Government (e.g. State, Provincial, Territorial), Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City)","Yes"
"Rural Plebiscite Experiment (Indonesia)","Arfung",""," Problems and PurposeThis case is a randomized field experiment, which examines the differences in decision-making and legitimacy in town meeting versus plebiscitary (direct voting) methods of decision. The experimenter - Benjamin Olken - examined this...","Tue, 03/02/2010 - 15:42","Indonesia","No","Wednesday, August 31, 2005 - 17:00","Sunday, January 29, 2006 - 16:00","Budgeting, Economic Development, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","","","National Government, Other","Make public decisions (i.e. exert direct authority)","Open to all, Open to all with targeted recruitment","Community-based participatory research","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City), Individual","National Government, Individual, Other","No"
"The Occupation of the Vancouver Art Gallery: October 15 - November 21, 2011","Jesi Carson","The development of the General Assembly of Occupy Vancouver during the occupation of the Vancouver Art Gallery is a recent case of consensus-based decision making and implementation. ","Problems and PurposeOccupy Vancouver, during the occupation of the Vancouver Art Gallery last fall, needed to implement a consensus-based decision making process in order for the encampment to function in a fair and inclusive manner. The General Assembly...","Thu, 02/02/2012 - 14:50","Canada","No","","","Arts & Culture, Community Development, Identity & Diversity, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems)","","Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation, Story-Telling, Informal Social Activities","","Consultation (i.e. to advise decision makers), Co-governance (i.e. to share decision making with public authorities), Make public decisions (i.e. exert direct authority), Direct delivery of public services (i.e. by entities other than government), Raise public awareness, Community building (e.g. social capital), Develop individual capacities (e.g. skills, learning), Protest","Open to all","Consensus, Community Organizing","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","","Community Based Organization, Non-Governmental Organization (Non-profit), Individual, Union","Yes"
"Ländliches Volksentscheids-Experiment (Indonesien) ","Tupai","","Problemstellung und AbsichtDieser Fall ist ein randomisierter Feldversuch, welcher die Unterschiede bezüglich Entscheidungsfindung und Legitimität zwischen Bürgerversammlung und plebiszitären Entscheidungsfindungsmethoden (des direkten Wählens)...","Mon, 03/25/2013 - 06:02","Indonesia","No","Wednesday, August 31, 2005 - 17:00","Sunday, January 29, 2006 - 16:00","Budgeting, Economic Development, Political Institutions (e.g. Constitutions, Legal Systems, Electoral Systems), Planning (e.g. Urban planning, Transportation, etc.)","","","National Government, Other","Make public decisions (i.e. exert direct authority)","Open to all, Open to all with targeted recruitment","Community-based participatory research","Local (e.g. Neighbourhood, City/Town, Metropolitan Area)","Local Government (e.g. Village, Town, City), Individual","National Government, Individual, Other","No"