Data

General Issues
Housing
Social Welfare
Environment
Specific Topics
Affordable Housing
Funding
Right to Adequate Housing
Collections
Government of Canada
Location
Ottawa
Ontario
Canada
Scope of Influence
National
Files
Case study: national housing strategy consultation-2016
NHS-What-we-heard-report-en.pdf
Videos
Let’s Talk Housing: What We Heard
Designing a National Housing Strategy for Canada: Lessons Learned
Start Date
End Date
Ongoing
No
Time Limited or Repeated?
A single, defined period of time
Purpose/Goal
Make, influence, or challenge decisions of government and public bodies
Approach
Research
Consultation
Co-governance
Spectrum of Public Participation
Consult
Total Number of Participants
7000
Open to All or Limited to Some?
Mixed
Targeted Demographics
Indigenous People
Experts
Appointed Public Servants
General Types of Methods
Planning
Collaborative approaches
Public meetings
General Types of Tools/Techniques
Collect, analyse and/or solicit feedback
Recruit or select participants
Inform, educate and/or raise awareness
Specific Methods, Tools & Techniques
Focus Group
Survey
Legality
Yes
Facilitators
Yes
Facilitator Training
Professional Facilitators
Face-to-Face, Online, or Both
Both
Types of Interaction Among Participants
Formal Testimony
Ask & Answer Questions
Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation
Communication of Insights & Outcomes
Public Report
Type of Organizer/Manager
Government-Owned Corporation
National Government
Funder
Government of Canada
Type of Funder
National Government
Staff
Yes
Volunteers
No
Evidence of Impact
Yes
Types of Change
Changes in public policy

CASE

Canadian National Housing Strategy

October 27, 2021 Patrick L Scully, Participedia Team
August 30, 2021 Pan Khantidhara, Participedia Team
August 29, 2021 Pan Khantidhara, Participedia Team
August 26, 2021 Pan Khantidhara, Participedia Team
August 25, 2021 Pan Khantidhara, Participedia Team
January 27, 2021 Patrick L Scully, Participedia Team
January 26, 2021 Patrick L Scully, Participedia Team
October 23, 2020 Jesi Carson, Participedia Team
January 13, 2020 Zaria Channer
December 12, 2019 Zaria Channer
December 12, 2019 Gsmith
February 28, 2021 Gsmith
General Issues
Housing
Social Welfare
Environment
Specific Topics
Affordable Housing
Funding
Right to Adequate Housing
Collections
Government of Canada
Location
Ottawa
Ontario
Canada
Scope of Influence
National
Files
Case study: national housing strategy consultation-2016
NHS-What-we-heard-report-en.pdf
Videos
Let’s Talk Housing: What We Heard
Designing a National Housing Strategy for Canada: Lessons Learned
Start Date
End Date
Ongoing
No
Time Limited or Repeated?
A single, defined period of time
Purpose/Goal
Make, influence, or challenge decisions of government and public bodies
Approach
Research
Consultation
Co-governance
Spectrum of Public Participation
Consult
Total Number of Participants
7000
Open to All or Limited to Some?
Mixed
Targeted Demographics
Indigenous People
Experts
Appointed Public Servants
General Types of Methods
Planning
Collaborative approaches
Public meetings
General Types of Tools/Techniques
Collect, analyse and/or solicit feedback
Recruit or select participants
Inform, educate and/or raise awareness
Specific Methods, Tools & Techniques
Focus Group
Survey
Legality
Yes
Facilitators
Yes
Facilitator Training
Professional Facilitators
Face-to-Face, Online, or Both
Both
Types of Interaction Among Participants
Formal Testimony
Ask & Answer Questions
Discussion, Dialogue, or Deliberation
Communication of Insights & Outcomes
Public Report
Type of Organizer/Manager
Government-Owned Corporation
National Government
Funder
Government of Canada
Type of Funder
National Government
Staff
Yes
Volunteers
No
Evidence of Impact
Yes
Types of Change
Changes in public policy

Overview

Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), which is a small government organization, was tasked with a significant project—to launch a national engagement and work in partnership with all levels of government on developing a National Housing Strategy. The key to the success of the engagement was creating strong, collaborative relationships. The team built relationships with housing advocacy groups, non-profit organizations and Indigenous groups. They worked together to engage with the constituents of these organizations and seek their views. Once the engagement was complete, the team took steps to maintain the relationships they had established through consultation.

Problems and Purpose

In 2016, CMHC launched the national consultation “Let’s Talk Housing!” to inform the development of a National Housing Strategy. As Canada was the only G8 country without a national housing strategy, this was considered a key federal priority. The consultation took a human-rights based approach to housing, focusing on social inclusion. It addressed the core needs of the most disadvantaged populations and communities, such as immigrants and people living in shelters. The relationship between social issues, such as homelessness and mental health, and housing was central to developing the engagement strategy. This was the largest consultation ever undertaken by CMHC.

The goal of the consultation was to seek a broad and diverse range of perspectives to support the development of a comprehensive housing strategy. It sought out external input to identify and confirm where policy gaps and challenges exist. The policy objective was to develop a National Housing Strategy in partnership with provinces, territories, and Indigenous governments, which would operate alongside existing regional housing strategies to fill gaps and ensure that all Canadians have access to affordable housing and related services.

Background History and Context

The consultation occurred between June 1, 2016, and October 1, 2016.

In addition to the development of the National Housing Strategy, the federal government was concurrently negotiating standing multi-lateral agreements with the provinces and territories. These agreements are funding mechanisms that transfer federal funds to the provinces and territories to address core-housing needs.

Organizing, Supporting, and Funding Entities

Due to the nature of the subject matter, the National Housing Strategy implicated numerous federal departments, including: Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) , Status of Women Canada (SWC), Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), Infrastructure Canada, and Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC). The engagement therefore became a cross-government initiative. Among CMHC’s other key partners were the provinces and territories. Together, these federal departments and provincial and territorial governments co-developed the strategy. This approach was necessary as housing comes under provincial/territorial jurisdiction.

The engagement process used a variety of online and in-person options to seek public input. Additionally, CMHC sought input from the housing sector and Indigenous advocacy groups. The Federation of Canadian Municipalities and the Congress of Aboriginal Peoples (CAP) were key stakeholders. CMHC formed a strong relationship with CAP. Together, they built a collaborative agreement to have the Congress engage with its constituents on the National Housing Strategy.

CMHC financed the ‘Let’s Talk Housing’ consultation. The consultation informed the development of the National Housing Strategy, which allocated 11.2 billion dollars to housing initiatives in Budget 2017. This included a portion to be used for Indigenous housing concerns. Since Budget 2018 was announced, 40 billion dollars is allocated to the Strategy.

Methods and Tools Used

Methods:

  • Roundtables. 22 roundtables were held with 344 total participants.
  • Focus groups. Focus groups were conducted to gain further insights. A priority was placed on ensuring that the focus group events were regionally diverse.
  • Surveys. More than 6,300 surveys were completed.
  • Online questionnaires.

Tools:

  • Idea box. This online tool was open to the public and allowed people to respond to set questions by theme.

Roundtables were the primary means of in-person engagement. The roundtables were conference style, with plenary sessions included. Each session had a lead who provided an overview of the issues, context and policy challenges to participants. All the sessions were recorded and made available online. Nine expert roundtables were conducted with housing providers and municipal leaders, among others. Expert roundtables were chosen as a method to maximize views. CMHC had a sense of what issues were but they wanted to hear expert opinions and validate their assumptions. Three such sessions were held, one in each of Thunder Bay, Whitehorse, and Winnipeg, with the intent to capture the unique experiences of those living in rural and remote areas. Additionally, several regional roundtables focused specifically on Indigenous issues. An external company with trained facilitators led the roundtables.

A bilateral mechanism was set up so that federal departments, provinces and territories could converse regularly throughout the entire engagement process.

What Went On: Process, Interaction, and Participation

Prior to launching the “Let’s Talking Housing!” consultation, preliminary engagement was conducted with National Indigenous Organizations (NIOs) to determine how they wanted to be engaged. The team wanted to determine from the outset what a respectful dialogue would look like from the perspective of the NIOs. They learned from the NIOs that engagement and consultation are not considered to be synonymous; consultation with Indigenous peoples indicates a legal requirement (Section 35 Duty to consult). CMHC is a Crown corporation that does not frequently conduct large-scale consultation, so they lacked the extensive stakeholder networks of larger departments. When the National Housing Strategy consultation launched, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) was engaging with the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) on on-reserve housing reform. The two teams joined forces to have a larger conversation on Indigenous housing needs, and build new relationships with the AFN.

From the beginning, CMHC involved the provinces and territories, and asked them to engage with their regional Indigenous partners with whom they already had an established relationship. Provincial counterparts conducted the engagement sessions and provided input from their partners. CMHC played an encouragement role and provided the provincial teams with the necessary materials.

The open consultation had a three-stage process:

1. First, a broad consultation was conducted that invited input from all Canadians.

2. Then, a series of thematic expert roundtables were conducted in Ottawa. The objective of these thematic sessions (hosted by INAC and ESDC) was to seek views from experts on key housing challenges. A focus was placed on receiving regional and gender balanced views. A total of 340 people were flown to Ottawa to participate in the roundtables. Views were sought from provinces and territories, National Indigenous Organizations (NIOs), and federal departments, among others.

  • 15-20 people were present at each roundtable session.
  • Three focused sessions were held in locations other than Ottawa. One roundtable focusing on rural and remote housing needs was held in Thunder Bay, another addressing issues facing the North was held in Whitehorse. Finally, an Indigenous-specific roundtable was held in Winnipeg. Five roundtable sessions in Ottawa also focused on Indigenous Housing.

3. Finally, the team circled back for feedback on the draft materials, after which the final strategy was produced and published.

Logistics:

  • CMHC used a contractor for facilitation of roundtables and notetaking.
  • It hired two additional staff members to the team to do event planning.
  • CMHC’s in-house event planner helped organize events, which greatly contributed to the success of the engagement.
  • Overall, 40 people on the policy team were involved with this project.
  • Participants and the public had the opportunity to submit supplementary input using a survey tool.

CMHC developed a stakeholder management strategy and assigned account managers to key stakeholders to provide liaison with CMHC, and develop and maintain relationships. Challenges emerged during the engagement, including capacity gaps with provinces and territories, and the NIOs. There was a strong desire from these groups to engage, but they often did not have the financial or human resources, or data, to respond. An intergovernmental working group was established to help address provincial and territorial housing data gaps. The team examined the survey results at the halfway point of the engagement process. The results showed low response levels from Indigenous peoples. In response to these findings, CMHC renewed their approach to target participation from First Nations living on the East Coast.

Analysis and Lessons Learned

A contractor was engaged to analyze the submissions. They conducted mapping exercises with the information and created the final report.

Communicating Back

To communicate back with those who provided their views, everyone who participated in the round tables received a link to the final report and full summaries of the round table sessions. Throughout the consultation, the CMHC communications team ran a strong social media campaign, including creating and promoting video clips, graphics, etc. They won an award for their social media campaign.

See Also

To read the full report for the 2016 "Let's Talk Housing" consultation: https://www.placetocallhome.ca/-/media/sf/project/placetocallhome/pdfs/nhs-what-we-heard-report-en.pdf

To access the National Housing Strategy: https://www.placetocallhome.ca/what-is-the-strategy

Notes

This case was developed through a series of interviews conducted by the Privy Council Office with two employees of the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation who supported the consultation process.