Path for the participatory definition of interventions in the field of sustainable mobility for home-work paths for craft and industrial areas in the Romagna Faentina area.
Problems and purpose
The path fits into the context of environmental sustainability policies, in all its dimensions such as: sustainable mobility, circular economy, air quality, territorial safety. With it we want to contribute to the construction and sharing of a medium-term vision on sustainable home-work mobility with the community as a whole and with the strategic actors for the elaboration of organic proposals to be presented to the URF (Union of Municipalities of Romagna Faentina) as implementation interventions to promote sustainable mobility in the home-work paths of the area. The proposals developed are based on co-responsibility, the sharing of actions and collective learning on the subject of mobility and have also become an opportunity to develop a sense of belonging in the community. The process is part of the phase of definition and identification of implementation interventions in the field of sustainable mobility in the context of home-work commuting also consistent with the guidelines of the Pums of the Municipality of Faenza and with the requests for sustainable mobility of municipalities of the URF. The objectives set in the participatory process concerned types of interventions that are part of the decision-making process of drafting / updating the PUMS and are: & nbsp;
- enhance the participation of the community throughout the URF territory ; & nbsp;
- solicit evaluations from different perspectives and produce ideas with respect to the issues covered by the process and possible response strategies; & nbsp;
- involve citizens and strategic stakeholders in the process for defining current scenarios and the co-construction of future scenarios; & nbsp;
- promote greater awareness and information on sustainable mobility issues in citizens; & nbsp;
- initiate a dialogue with craft businesses and industrialists in the area on sustainable mobility issues also from a corporate social responsibility perspective; & nbsp;
- initiate a dialogue with local associations on the mobility needs of people with disabilities ità; & nbsp;
- carry out a survey on the home-work movements of the URF; & nbsp;
- carry out interventions and actions to animate and involve citizens on the territory of the URF for comparison on future proposals [1].
History and background
The document of the project in question, supported by the Emilia-Romagna Region according to the lr 15/2018, is not available on the website of the trial, nor on that of the Technical Guarantee of the Region [2] (ril. 24/10/19); it is not possible to reveal the history of the project and its context.
Political tradition
Until 1994 the municipality of Faenza was mainly governed by the Christian Democrats. After that, given the strong social Christian roots, successive governments remain coherently in line with the past. The current mayor Malpezzi in the 2015 elections was supported by the Democratic Party, two civic lists and Italia dei Valori. & Nbsp;
Organizational, support and financing entities
Emilia-Romagna Region . With the regional law 15/2018 (ex l.r. 3/2010) the region promotes, supports and certifies the quality of the participatory processes of the territory. Through a dedicated call, every year, it evaluates the ex-ante quality of the projects that apply and after having drawn up a ranking based on the requirements and quality of the projects, assigns the applicant a maximum of 15,000 Euros. In this case 15,000 Euros were requested and assigned. & Nbsp;
Research Soc. Coop. Social , is the applicant and responsible for the process. It is a cooperative, founded in 1987, which deals with the design and organization of participatory processes, sociological research, management of social services for migrants and education, social inclusion practices and consultancy for corporate social responsibility (Link 1 - Servizi ). She took care of the conception, design and facilitation of the process. Since the project document is not available, it is not possible to determine the number of members of the complete staff.
Unione della Romagna Faentina , is a local authority that aggregates the 6 municipalities of the district of Faenza. Established in 2012, it carries out all the functions of the aggregated municipalities, the headquarters are in Faenza and the mayor is also the president. In the project he is the owner of the decision and therefore has signed the commitment to suspend any decision related to the project until the end of the path and has to take into account its results. & Nbsp; & nbsp;
Selection and recruitment of participants
Preparatory activity for the participatory process. Identification / mapping of key actors and actors to be convened for the first meeting of the Negotiating Table (TdN) and first contacts with some actors carried out in March / April 2019. The following subjects were met: environment of the URF; RER mobility referent; referent of the table of employers' associations of the URF district; trade union representatives; referent for the environment table that gathers the URF environmental associations; Fiab; Legambiente; disability table of the URF. & nbsp;
Launch of the process with event / press conference (8/1/19). The number of journalists, the newspapers involved and a press review are not reported
Negotiation tables . 6 tables from 11/1 to 11/6/19, in the evening (18:30 - 20:00) in the Sala Gialla of the Municipality of Faenza, saw a decreasing presence of participants. From the first table where 11 people were present representing 2 local authorities (Municipality of Faenza and URF) and 9 actors (neighborhoods, Environment table, Voluntary consultancy, Legambiente, Fiab, Anfass; in the last of 25/6 there were 4 people, 2 local authorities and 1 actor only. Always facilitated and reported by the Research staff. & nbsp;
First contact / mapping and study of the craft and industrial areas of the URF carried out in collaboration with the Mobility and Urban Decoration Service of the Municipal Police sector of the Union of Romagna Faentina [3].
Survey with questionnaire of home-work trips: ▪ online questionnaire launched March 25, 2019 and closed in the first week of June; ▪ questionnaire administered to the human resources managers of the enterprises of the craft and industrial areas of the URF. About 600 questionnaires collected. However, neither the results nor the questionnaire form are available (Link 1 - Progetti - Mobilitiamo). & Nbsp;
4 focus groups with strategic actors (Business associations, Environment table, Disabled association, Local companies, from 12/3 to 15/4, which involved respectively: 11, 12, 21, 9 representatives). At least the focus "Environment table" was also attended by the councilor for environmental policies, the councilor for volunteering.
7 hot spots distributed in the URF (from 13/4 to 2/6). The hot spots consist of the organization of information and promotion points for the project and were organized as part of popular events and great participation in the territories of the URF. At the hot spots it was possible to receive information on the project, on sustainable mobility, fill in the questionnaire on home-work travel, receive information and promotional materials.
World café of 18/06/ 2019 (6.30 pm) open to citizens, organized in a loggia in the main square of Faenza. The number of participants is not shown in the Instant report. From the photos we can deduce the presence of about 20 people in 4 tables, moderated by as many facilitators and a general conductor. & Nbsp;
Participatory moments aimed at local entrepreneurs and realized at internal companies. No more information is provided (eg number of entrepreneurs and other collaborators involved) [4].
Communication plan to accompany; a graphic kit was identified [5], some dedicated web pages on the Research site, posters, flyers, banners for hot spots. & nbsp;
Methods and tools used
< strong> Negotiation table (TdN) . Provided by the ex-regional law 3/10 (art.13) then repealed and replaced by 15/2018 (art.17), it is a discussion group accessed by the actors to discuss and reach an agreement on a common goal . By actors we mean those able to mobilize resources (positively or negatively) of various types (cultural, economic, political) on a given issue. & Nbsp;
The goal of a TdN can be:
- an agreement on the participatory process related to a common political problem / objective. The agreement concerns the adhesion or the commitment to participate in an organized discussion path on a common problem; & nbsp;
- an agreement on the objective: in this case the actors, in addition to sharing the process, propose different scenarios on which the same actors find a mediation or a compromise, selecting a single shared scenario; in this case it would be preferable to also carry out a passage of enlarged verification with citizens through tools that favor greater representativeness;
- an agreement on the conflict: in this case the actors propose different scenarios on which, however, they do not agree . However, having accepted the participatory / deliberative process, they are involved in the discussion with the citizens and undertake to accept the outcome of this process, through instruments of enlargement of representativeness. & Nbsp;
In this case, the TdN saw its participation decrease over the 5 meetings, when in theory it should increase. Further investigation is needed. & Nbsp;
Survey with questionnaire . The questionnaire survey technique is a very common family of classical social science and statistical tools. The method of use is very varied and in continuous development with technological innovation. In fact, today it is possible to carry out survey campaigns, inviting them to fill in online in various situations and collect the data immediately. In this case, an online questionnaire was used, which was asked to fill in through invitations by post and social media. Furthermore, the same questionnaire was also administered personally in some companies of the intervention area and in stations (called hot spots) set up in public places during parties, festivals, fairs. & Nbsp;
Focus group . They are very common ways to bring together a group of people and start a discussion with them around a desired theme, thanks to the conduct of a moderator who is called to stimulate the discussion and to verify that everyone can express their opinion. Through this methodology it is possible to collect different opinions, stimulate a comparison between different positions and explore different points of view or reach an agreement. To facilitate the discussion, you can resort to the use of post-its, maps and sheets, which allow those who are not comfortable speaking in public to express their opinions and those who have difficulty summarizing to reflect on which is the fundamental concept they want to express. Focus groups typically host 12-14 participants as in this case, apart from one meeting that hosted 21 participants. & Nbsp;
World Café - WOCA is an interactive method conversation that has been adopted by large corporations, governments and communities around the world to animate collaborative dialogue networks. WOCAs are built on the principle that people already have the wisdom and creativity needed to tackle the toughest challenges and can learn a lot from spontaneous conversations with people outside their organization or groups they are used to. Therefore, in the discussion mode, tables of 4-8 people are formed. After the first discussion on a question posed by the organizer of the event, a witness (or table-host or "host") of the table remains stationary while the others go to different tables. The witness records the ideas expressed and communicates them to new guests or the plenary facilitator before the next discussion begins. And so on until all the questions are exhausted. In the WOCA, in this case, 4 tables were set up and discussions started on the stimulus of 3 questions [6]. & Nbsp;
What happened: process, interaction and participation
“The process was carried out taking inspiration from the research methodology - action understood as a research methodology that generates change and in which the actors involved are fully aware of the role they are playing in it” [7]. The official start of the project took place on 11 January 2019 with the establishment of the TdN. The path was characterized by 3 macro-phases of implementation as per project : & nbsp;
1) Preparatory activity for the participatory process.
First a press conference was called (8/1/19, of which no reports are available). After the mapping of the actors and the first contacts and the convocation of a preliminary TdN of 11/1 in which the project was presented and the tasks and research of other actors were shared, in the first TdN of 27/2 the project, the questionnaire was shared and tested and the methods for its dissemination and for promoting its compilation were shared, trying to facilitate it for those who are not familiar with information technology. The neighborhood councils undertook to dedicate a specific moment to the project and the questionnaire during their meetings and paper copies of the questionnaire were distributed. Finally, the following steps and the organization of focus groups were shared [8]. & Nbsp;
After a first contact with companies, a mapping was carried out in the industrial areas of the URF in collaboration with the Mobility Service of the Municipal Police sector of the URF (reports of this activity are not available either). & nbsp;
2) Definition of the current scenario and co-construction of future scenarios.
To obtain a representation of the current scenario relating to travel from home to work, the campaign for the distribution and collection of questionnaires has been launched. The campaign was launched on 25 March and closed in the first week of June 2019. In addition to the online campaign, the questionnaires were administered (it is not indicated how) to the human resources managers of the companies in the industrial areas of the URF. & Nbsp; < / p>
In addition, 4 focus groups were organized with strategic actors, one for each group.
a) Focus groups with business associations of the district (12/3/19 - 11 contact persons of business associations; whose initials are not shown). The contents provided by the participants were summarized and divided into "emerging issues" of a general or specific nature (on a map), "ongoing actions" by the institutions and companies, and "indications for the continuation of the path", in particular refer to the type of companies to be involved. Among the positive aspects of the territory in question were recalled: - travel times in the journey home / work which for at least 90% of the employed does not reach 30 minutes; - an overall liveability level perceived as acceptable; - the gradual adoption by companies of a more compressed schedule as possible, combined with measures aimed at optimizing exit times, so as to increase the free time available to workers, satisfying a widespread request in this sense by the latter. This is combined with research by many service companies and quality spaces aimed at improving working conditions (gyms, canteens and small recreational spaces). More critical seem to be the aspects related to: - the effect of congestion caused during peak hours by the adoption of a common timetable by practically all companies, with entry at 8.00 and exit between 17.00 and 18.00, as well as with the holidays all concentrated in the summer period, and particularly in August; - a rather high rate of accidents occurring on the way home / work, evidently connected in some way to the amount of traffic present on the roads; the lack of propensity, even for purely economic reasons, to organize the mobility of their employees by companies, seen as necessary and practicable only in the presence of large numbers. Among the general requests: - the need to provide an infrastructural plan to reorganize the roads, with the aim of differentiating the flows especially in the vicinity of interchange nodes (train and bus stations) and connections to supra-local roads; - the opportunity to connect the home / work theme with the home / school one, given the frequency of trips made with several stages; - the urgent need to have a more in-depth study of the flows, and above all of the pollutants, with reliable data, against which to evaluate any investments by both private and public sides. This last point is particularly felt for compliance with the emission limits set by Europe 2020. As regards the more precise indications, it emerges that the most clogged places are all distributed between the center and the artisanal areas north of the railway [... ] The municipal representatives intervened informing those present regarding the cognitive, training and planning-elaborative actions in progress. In particular, the following are recalled: - courses for school mobility managers, - data collection campaigns for Pums (which should be adopted by the end of the year), - the constant development of the network of cycle paths and upcoming small-scale infrastructural interventions. For the types of companies to be involved, those with more than 40-50 employees are preferably indicated, with attention to gender aspects [9].
b) Focus groups with associations of the Environment Table of the URF (12/3/19, Faenza). The associations are available to convey / administer questionnaires functional to the study / research on the mapping of routes, flows and ways of moving home-to-work or support and collaboration in the organization and promotion of the next hotspots and city events. questionnaire to 12 participants [10]. & nbsp;
c) Focus group with the associations of the disabled (6/4/19, at Faventia Sales; 21 participants including representatives of the associations and family members of the disabled). The focus group was held on the occasion of a training seminar aimed at families of disabled people, and saw a rather consistent presence. The discussion essentially focused on the criticalities perceived by the disabled and their families in mobility in the Faenza area, as well as on the possible measures to be taken to make travel less difficult and easier. Risk factors emerge such as car traffic and poor driving and parking habits in pedestrian crossings or parking spaces reserved for the disabled. There are still many architectural barriers. Public mobility offers infrequent and not very widespread journeys, drivers do not know how to behave in the presence of unaccompanied disabled people, even taxis do not provide the service without a companion and there are no tariff concessions. Several proposals have been made, e.g. the introduction of an on-call service, facilitate the use of the taxi autonomously with economic benefits, increase the frequency of electric minibus rides, raise awareness among bus and taxi drivers (with a comparison with insurance companies so that the transport of a disabled person is not perceived as a burden of greater responsibility) and administrators to ensure that architectural barriers are removed [11].
d) Focus groups with local businesses (6 / 4/19; 9 company representatives). The municipal representative also recalled how the companies have already been involved in the drafting process of the Urban Sustainable Mobility Plan (Pums) started in 2017, now in the process of being adopted, with the phases of observations and strategic environmental assessment that will close within 2019. Information is exchanged and issues such as those relating to the scarcity of public transport, or the total absence of service in the production areas further north, beyond the motorway, emerge. In fact, it seems that public mobility is geared exclusively to school needs rather than work needs. The organizers submit the option (proposed by Legambiente) to subsidize the sustainable mobility of employees with "welfare checks" worth 1000 euros tax-free paid by companies or public bodies. The idea was widely rejected by the company representatives present, rather in favor of incentives and tax relief for the establishment of electric company fleets. Car pooling is considered a viable option only if activated between several companies located in the same area, with an application that allows the matching of travel supply and demand in a very flexible way even for occasional needs. The quantification of the environmental impact of companies, whose financial statements can benefit from sustainability projects, are also seen as tools of interest; and the same ISO certifications that can positively evaluate the adoption of measures for corporate mobility such as the creation of charging systems for electric cars [12].
To promote the project, 7 hot spot (consisting of a gazebo, tables, a banner, flyers) with Research entertainers on highly frequented public occasions (eg Agricultural Fair, Music in the Aie, Cooperation Party, Patron's Day). At the hot spots it was possible to receive information on the project, on sustainable mobility, fill in the questionnaire on home-work travel, receive information and promotional materials.
3) Creative confrontation: comparison actions on possible proposals starting from the current scenario that emerged in the previous phase through different methodologies and aimed at citizenship.
The main event of this phase is the World Café of 18/6 / 19 which was held in Piazza del Popolo in Faenza under a loggia and involved 4 tables and about 20 people. The discussion at the tables was stimulated by three questions:
- How do you convince a citizen to use the car less? What incentives? What limitations? What contents in the communication campaigns? And which media to use?
- How and where should we intervene for the safety of pedestrians and cyclists? Which routes / sections of the route are priority? How to educate motorists?
- What can a citizen do to spread awareness of these issues? What individual and collective actions? What resources, spaces, opportunities, media are available?
With respect to the first question, they all agree to accept incentives and limitations and several examples are cited: prizes for those who use the bike ( even during working hours through union agreements or services available such as shower), or economic incentives on km traveled by bike. The limitations include the pedestrianization of the entire historic center with parking areas, higher taxes for those who use the car. With respect to the second question for the safety of pedestrians and cyclists, courses are identified to be made pedestrian as a priority. More cycle crossings and a greater presence of the Municipal Police. In addition, making cycle paths safer with a thoughtful design of the same and rethinking cities suitable for bikes / pedestrians; slides at the end of the cycle paths Car / bike exchange areas Cameras in the 30 zones to enforce the limits. With respect to the third question on how the citizen can act, the use of car-pooling and sharing was mentioned, a more careful use of the car, not considering the car an indispensable means, the citizen as the bearer of messages functional to respect of the rules, use of social media, enhancing what is useful and productive from it rather than blaming the behaviors that have negative effects on the environment, safety and livability [13].
In this second phase, some “ participatory moments aimed at entrepreneurs, carried out within companies” [14]. However, no more information is provided and no reports are detectable. & Nbsp;
4) Participation proposal document [15] - Proposals for the decision maker. & Nbsp;
In the last TdN of 25/6 the Instant report was illustrated, this, in addition to the results of the previous activities already discussed in the previous TdN, was the basis for the drafting of DocPP which was then read. Some changes were requested and then it was approved for sending to the Regional Warranty Technician. Only 4 people were present (2 representatives of the administration - URF and municipality - and 2 representatives of the Common Front committee).
The path between actors and citizens led to the identification of the following actions, with respect to which the The Union of Municipalities, and the Municipalities themselves, are called upon to give their opinion. The listed actions are divided into three categories with respect to their resolution: & nbsp;
- actions that can be acquired, developed and implemented, as part of the ongoing processes of construction of sector plans (Pums ) or other forms of programming;
- actions that involve innovation and / or updating of the instrumentation and operating methods in use through cross-sectoral and collaborative work with other associative and / or private subjects. & nbsp; < / li>
The availability from below, for a 'cultural' change towards sustainable mobility, is there, but they need a 'motivational support' played between incentives, alternative services, communication, new devices, and , one could say, also of conviction, constancy and coherence, on the part of the administrative bodies: & nbsp;
a) Detection and analysis actions
- < li> Study of the flows, and above all of the pollutants produced, with data that make it possible to evaluate the opportunity for investments, both from private and public part, for compliance with the limits set by Europe 2020; & nbsp;
- survey on existing architectural barriers, in a participatory way with the disabled associations partners of the project (and relative families);
- in-depth analysis of the data that emerged during the first step of the survey in home-work trips and implementation of the online survey.
b) Actions on services
- Qualification of the currently existing taxi service; in line with its public function, it is intended to promote awareness and training actions aimed at facilitating its use for people with disabilities with greater autonomy; & nbsp;
- Revision, possibly with timetable extension and intensification of trips, of the service shuttle with minibus between center and car parks, adapting it above all to the needs of weaker users (disabled ...); & nbsp;
- Activation of methods for a more effective resolution, compared to reporting to the traffic police, of such incorrect behavior making travel on foot or by bicycle dangerous;
- Identification and possible development of a unifying app for the set of demand and supply of mobility services, including TPL timetables, the possibility of booking taxis (also collective) and to support the establishment of car-pooling groups; & nbsp;
- Establishment of a table that sees the participation of the representatives of sustainable mobility of the URF, of the category options and mobility managers or company mobility contacts as a place for comparison and detection of critical issues as well as facilitating the construction of shared proposals promoted by companies to promote home-work travel;
< strong> c) Information and awareness actions
- Periodic implementation of communication and awareness actions on the subject and adhesion to the European day of sustainable mobility with the promotion of sustainable mobility projects to companies in the territory;
d) Infrastructural interventions & nbsp;
- Construction of new parking lots for exchanges and reorganization of roads in the industrial area; & nbsp;
- Public presentation of the infrastructure plan, works and other interventions, with timing of implementation in the short-medium-long term, aimed at separating the flows especially in the vicinity of the railway and bus stations area. & nbsp;
- Transforming forecasts into strategies, consolidating dialogue and confrontation with local interlocutors, in this case for example businesses and schools, to evaluate the variation of entry-exit times in order to make more efficient use of the roads and services; & nbsp;
- Creation of depots in which to park the bike safely in the industrial and artisan areas, in the historic center, in the market area, in the exchanger parking lots; & nbsp;
- develop a public bike-sharing also with pedal assisted bicycles in which it is not necessary to return the bicycles to the pick-up point; & nbsp;
- Connection between the existing parts of the cycle network, with extensions, in particular towards the entire production area north of Faenza [16].
e) Internal actions & nbsp;
- Support the creation and encourage the adoption of incentives to use sustainable means (eg. km traveled with sustainable means transformed into benefits, such as vacation minutes, discounts ...) [17].
Influence, results and effects
Object, objectives and results of the participatory pathways concern types of interventions that are part of the decision-making process of drafting and updating the PUMS guidelines of the Municipality of Faenza. Once the validation of the Regional Guarantee Technician has been obtained, the Participatory Proposal Document will be submitted to the attention of the Council of the Union of Romagna Faentina so that it is transposed. Through the involvement of the Board and the reference technicians and the negotiation table, the operational project will be drawn up for the implementation of the results of the participatory process. & Nbsp;
Monitoring program . The monitoring and control activity that is intended to be carried out after the conclusion of the participatory process to accompany the implementation of the decision approved by the body holding the decision provides for the involvement of the current members of the Negotiating Table who will be able to carry out both monitoring the implementation of the approved actions and the maintenance of information and communication actions. In particular, we intend to: organize update meetings proposed by the project manager to the negotiation table to share the monitoring of the timing of the implementation of the decisions; Periodic and specific information to the members of the negotiation table, to the organized realities active in the area, to the whole community on the moments of debate dedicated to the topic; publication of documents that testify to the decisions taken (acts of the Board / Council) and / or its alternation towards implementation, giving evidence of how the contributions of the project have been incorporated in the decision and in the choices of the Administration and shared with the actors of the territory interested in the topic; Website update through a news section dedicated to the development of the decision [18].
Implementation
The DocPP has been sent for validation to the Technical Guarantee of the Region on 1/7/19 but only the version sent and not yet validated is loaded on the site. & Nbsp;
There are no updates on the acts of transposition by the Council, nor other communications. & Nbsp ;
Analysis and lessons learned
Transparency . Despite being a certified project supported by the Region, there is a lack of important documentation available on the dedicated pages, in particular the project, the results of the questionnaires, and other reports of what has been declared (see above) and updates regarding the implementation of the results. & Nbsp;
Communication . The dedicated pages, included in the Research site, are not easy to reach, moreover the WOCA reports are in the news and are not found in the general collection. & Nbsp;
Attempts to inclusion are continuous and have encountered various adhesions but then they have drastically impoverished (see the dynamics of participation in the TdN). Further investigation would be needed to understand this decline in engagement. The vast survey campaign with questionnaires affects the representativeness of the path, but it is not clear what the content and demographic contribution was, so further insights are needed also for this aspect. & Nbsp;
See also
- PUMS Perugia - https: // participedia.net/case/5217
References
[1] Research, DocPP Mobilitiamo, Participatory proposal document, 1/7/19, http://ricercazione.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/DOCPP_MOBILITIAMO.pdf (ril. 24/10/19).
[2] Emilia-Romagna Region, Participation, 2018 project sheets, https://partecipazione.regione.emilia-romagna.it/la-legge-e-il-bando/ prog-cards etti / 2018 (ril. 24/10/19). & Nbsp;
[3] Research, DocPP, op. cit., p. 5.
[4] Ibidem, p. 7.
[5] Ibid. & Nbsp;
[6] Research, WOCA, Instant Report, 18/6/19, Piazza del Popolo, Faenza.
< p> [7] Research, DocPP, op. cit., p. 5.[8] Research, 1st Tdn, Report, 27/2/19, http://ricercazione.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/tdn-27_02_2019.pdf (ril. 24/10/19).
[9] Research, Focus group with entrepreneurs associations, Report, 12/3/19, http://ricercazione.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/focus-group-tavolo-imprese_-12_03_report.pdf (ril. 24/10/19). & nbsp;
[10] Research, Focus group with the associations of the Environment Table, Report, 12/3/19, http://ricercazione.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/focus-group_tavolo- Ambiente_12_03_report.pdf (ril. 24/10/19). & nbsp;
[11] Research, Focus group with associations for the disabled, Re port, 6/4/19, http : //ricercazione.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/focus-group-disabilit%C3%A0_06_04_report.pdf (ril. 24/10/19).
[12] Research, Focus group with companies, Report, 15/4/19, http://ricercazione.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/focus-group-imprese_-15_04_report.pdf < / a> (ril. 24/10/19).
[13] Research, World Café, Instant report, 18/6/19, http://ricercazione.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/WORLD- CAFE_instant-report-_18-June_no-photo.pdf (release 24/10/19). & Nbsp;
[14] Research, DocPP, op. cit., p. 7.
[15] The Participatory Proposal Document (DocPP), envisaged as per the l.r. 15/2018 (art.3) is an expected mandatory product for the processes that undergo certification and regional support. It is a final document, which contains the outcomes of the process and the proposals for the decision maker, for which, he has signed a commitment to give an account and motivate his formal choices, whether or not they incorporate the results of the process. / p>
[16] Search, DocPP, op. cit., p. 10-11.
[17] Ibidem. & Nbsp;
[18] Ibidem, p. 12. & nbsp;
External links
1. Social Cooperative Society Research, http://ricercazione.com/servizi/ (ril. 24/10/19) .